Issue 142, Fall 2021
On the cover: Alabama writer Mary Ward Brown at her home in Marion. [Photograph © Jerry Siegel]
Features
“Finding” Clotilda: Now What Happens?
By Stacye Hathorn and James P. Delgado
Though the importation of enslaved persons had been outlawed in 1807, Capts. Timothy Meaher and William Foster decided to flout the law by importing enslaved persons on the Clotilda in 1860. Many who entered Mobile on the ship settled in an area they called Africatown, where some of their descendants remain today. The ship’s whereabouts remained unconfirmed for well over a century, though some locals believed they know where it had been abandoned. When an unauthorized exploration claimed to have located the remains of Clotilda, experts from the Alabama Historical Commission (AHC) stepped in to determine the truth. The AHC worked with strategic partners, including the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR), the National Park Service (NPS), the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC), the Slave Wrecks Project (SWP), and SEARCH, Inc., a private cultural resource management firm. Thanks to their expertise and effort, the team verified the actual remains of Clotilda, shedding light on a long-shrouded mystery.
Mary Ward Brown: A Writer’s Life
By Wayne Flynt
Perry County native Mary Ward Thomas Brown arrived late to her writing career, but once there, she gained substantial acclaim. Brown published her first short story at age thirty-eight, and success came slowly, but it did arrive. The publication of her collections, Tongues of Flame and It Wasn’t All Dancing, was gratifying, but her most proud achievement was the inclusion of one of her stories in The Human Experience, an anthology of prominent Russian and American writers. Brown’s close friend, Wayne Flynt, chronicles her life and legacy in this tribute to one of Alabama’s own literary geniuses.
Lowe Mill Arts and Entertainment: The Many Lives of a Huntsville Landmark
By Stephanie L. Robertson
Today, Huntsville’s Lowe Mill is a vibrant arts center, but the structure has an extensive history dating back to the state’s mid-nineteenth-century textile industry. The mill incorporated at the turn of the century, just one of Huntsville’s many textile mills. The structure changed hands many times over the decades, but it became a mainstay of the community, offering its employees and their families cultural opportunities such as a village with schools, a YMCA, stores, and other businesses. After changes in the industry rendered the factory obsolete, the mill’s structure was revitalized by the introduction of artists into the space. Today, the organization has become the “largest privately owned arts facility in the South,” complete with artists and artisans who create new kinds of artwork in a classic space.
Remembering Jimmy Hatcher: A Showman of the South
By Tim L. Pennycuff
Known to admirers as Alabama’s “Mister Theater,” Enterprise native Jimmy Hatcher made an indelible mark on Birmingham and the state. He began his performing career as a student at Birmingham Southern College, and he moved on to become a full-time theater instructor, spending decades as a theater professor at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Throughout, he nurtured and trained generations of thespians, working with everyone from Fannie Flag to Leonard Nimoy.
Department Abstracts
Letter from the Director
By Donna Cox Baker
After nearly two decades as Alabama Heritage’s Editor, Donna Cox Baker announces her retirement.
Portraits and Landscapes
The Emancipation of John Bell
By Carlie Anne Burkett
After being purchased and enslaved by Alabama politician William Rufus King, John Bell was relocated to Alabama, where he spent many years at Chestnut Hill, King’s plantation, as well as time in France when King was appointed as a minister to that country. Upon King’s death, Bell experienced a complicated path to emancipation, one circumscribed by the state’s laws and the whims of King’s surviving relatives.
Alabama Governors
George S. Houston
As a two-term governor, George Houston led Alabama into more than a century of Democratic leadership. Among his decisions, those with the longest ramifications were overseeing the creation of a new state constitution (a document still used today) and his decision to enact convict leasing (a practice Alabama maintained longer than any other state).
Behind the Image
A Crazy Quilt
By Frances Osborn Robb
A photograph from a Florence, Alabama, photographer reveals insights into the influence of Japanese culture on nineteenth-century America, thanks to the exhibits at the 1876 Centennial Exposition. Held in Philadelphia, the exposition introduced Americans to the ceramic designs that led to “fancy work” and the creation of so-called crazy quilts.
From the Archives
Threads of Evidence: Investigating the Origins of a Confederate Flag Remnant
By Georgia Ann Hudson and Ryan Blocker
Archivists at the Alabama Department of Archives and History use contemporary tools to uncover more information about a fragment of fabric that it received in 1950. Purported to be a sliver of the first flag of the Confederacy, this fragment’s complete provenance remains unclear, but thanks to collaboration from archival institutions, we now have more information about its origins than ever before.
The Nature Journal
Bluebirds (And Happiness)
Thanks to the introduction of the invasive European Starling, Eastern Bluebirds have been threatened by loss of habitat. To combat this, John Findlay began constructing bluebird boxes, offering homes perfectly designed for the species. Today, the John Finlay III Bluebird Trail at Birmingham’s Oak Mountain inspires many, including Alabama Heritage’s resident naturalist, who decided to build some bluebird boxes of his own.
Reading the Southern Past
“A Republic of Equal Citizens”
This quarter’s installment of “Reading the Southern Past” explores the legacy of the Civil War and civil rights, taking as its topic Eric Foner’s The Second Founding: How the Civil War and Reconstruction Remade the Constitution (W. W. Norton, 2019), Michael Vorenberg’s Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment (Cambridge University Press, 2001), and James Oakes’s The Crooked Path to Abolition: Abraham Lincoln and the Antislavery Constitution (W. W. Norton, 2021).