Issue 113, Summer 2014
On the cover: Admiral Farragut had himself lashed to the rigging at the Battle of Mobile Bay. [Library of Congress]
Features
Defeat at Fort Bowyer: The Failed British Campaign for the Gulf Coast during the War of 1812
By Gene Allen Smith
One inciting factor of the War of 1812 was the issue of impressment, in which British soldiers claimed the right to board foreign ships and claim their personnel for the British military. Given this, American forces in the Gulf of Mobile were perhaps especially pleased by their victory over the British Navy. The British hoped to take Mobile, a crucial port in the Gulf Coast, but troops stood strong against the siege, even managing to sink a British warship—the only time during the whole war that this happened. By protecting the American position at Mobile’s Fort Bowyer, these men helped ensure a victory in the War of 1812.
From Roosevelt to Rosa Parks: The Subversive World of Clifford and Virginia Durr, 1940 to 1955
By Thomas E. Reidy
After participating in writing the script for an Alabama Public Television film on Clifford and Virginia Durr, the author realized that a great deal of compelling information about the couple’s life and activism remained untold. Here, he focuses on the fifteen-year span that saw the Durrs move from Washington, DC, to Alabama. In this time, Cliff Durr went from holding prominent government positions that enabled him to work with presidents to a less visible—but equally crucial—legal practice defending civil rights cases throughout Alabama.
Truman Capote, Monroeville’s Other Muse
By Wayne Flynt
Today, Truman Capote remains best known for his so-called “nonfiction novel” In Cold Blood. However, his work in Kansas detailing the murder of a farm family was just one instance in a long and complicated career. The son of a tumultuous woman and a largely-absent father, Capote often spent time with his extended family in Monroeville, where he befriended Harper Lee. Throughout his literary ascent, Capote continued befriending important women, including Jackie Kennedy, but he always struggled to reconcile his troubled past with his literary aspirations and his sometimes tenuous place in New York society.
Pigskins to Stethoscopes: Football Players Who Practiced Medicine in Alabama
By Tim L. Pennycuff
On the surface, the two pursuits may not seem to have much in common, but in actuality, numerous collegiate football players have gone on to pursue careers in medicine. The two fields both require excellent discipline, time management, and work ethic; they may also spark other qualities of determination and tenacity. Regardless of which intersecting forces unite these pursuits, Alabama has benefitted from a number of football players-turned-physicians throughout the decades. Tim Pennycuff, an archivist at the University of Birmingham, has begun collecting a database of resources on such individuals, and in this article he shares some of the most compelling biographies from it.
Departments
Southern Architecture and Preservation
Present at the Beginning
By Robert Gamble
As Alabama approaches its bicentennial, Robert Gamble reflects on the rich history the state has accumulated, and he considers the scarcity of structures remaining from the early nineteenth century. Huntsville’s Poplar Grove, which dates from 1814, is the state’s oldest confirmed structure, but the Alabama Historical Commission is working to identify and verify other possible structures that witnessed Alabama’s transformation from territory to state.
Becoming Alabama
Quarter by Quarter
By Joseph W. Pearson, Megan L. Bever, and Matthew Downs
This quarter’s installment of “Becoming Alabama” investigates the Treaty of Fort Jackson, which required Creek Indians to cede millions of acres of their ancestral lands; the Union assault on Mobile Bay; and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which many southern congressmen opposed vehemently. Throughout, the authors show the ways that the past continues to shape Alabama’s present, and they trace the connections between the state’s history and its future.
Editor’s Note: Alabama Heritage, the Summersell Center for Study of the South, the University of Alabama Department of History, and the Alabama Tourism Department offer this department as a part of the statewide “Becoming Alabama” initiative—a cooperative venture of state organizations to commemorate Alabama’s experiences related to the Creek War, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Quarter by quarter we will take you to the corresponding seasons 200, 150, and 50 years ago—sometimes describing the most pivotal events, sometimes describing daily life, but always illuminating a world in flux. We will wait for the ultimate outcomes as our forbears did—over time.
Alabama Women
“Miss Ruby”: The Life and Career of Ruby Pickens Tartt
By Tina Naremore Jones
Even as a child, Ruby Pickens Tartt had a clear sense of her identity and her ambitions. An artist who studied in New York before returning to her native Alabama, Tartt remains best known for her contributions to the Works Progress Administration music archives. Working extensively with John Lomax, Tartt helped record and preserve numerous folk songs from across the state, and her work brought recognition to many of Alabama’s so-called outsider artists.
Revealing Hidden Collections
Rev. Richard Charles Boone
By Howard O. Robinson
Each quarter, “Revealing Hidden Collections” highlights archival or library collections throughout the state, helping identify and celebrate some of Alabama’s lesser known resources. This quarter’s installment looks at the Alabama State University Boone Collection, which preserves materials connected to Rev. Richard Charles Boone, a field director for the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. The collection includes a range of materials, from letters and newspaper clippings to recordings of Boone’s speeches and even his “toilet paper manifesto,” a document he wrote while imprisoned. (He was later released for lack of evidence.) Each item helps contribute to visitors’ understanding of Boone and the cause for which he fought.
Portraits & Landscapes
The Legend of Savannah Jack
By Mollie Smith Waters
One of the most storied villains and murders in Alabama’s history remains largely a mystery to historians, who do not know his ancestry, his background, or even his appearance. What they do know, however, is that in the years immediately before Alabama’s statehood, Savannah Jack terrorized newly arriving white settlers, often murdering them and their families. Mollie Waters offers an overview of this rebel who haunted the Alabama territory and struck fear in its inhabitants.
Alabama Treasures
The Tale of Two Quilts
By Anne Henry Tidmore
When most people think of Civil War artifacts, often they consider items such as weapons, uniforms, flags, or letters. However, some important artifacts may have never seen a battlefield. One example is the Gunboat Quilt, an item in the collection of the First White House of the Confederacy, which was produced to help raise funds to buy Confederate gunboat to help protect Mobile Bay. They quilt’s 150 years have taken a toll on it, and conservation has proved tricky—but crucial. Officials from the White House of the Confederacy detail the recent steps taken to preserve this part of Alabama’s history.
The Nature Journal
The Small World of Northfork Creek
When the 2011 tornadoes hit Alabama, many aspects of the natural world were disrupted.
Although Northfork Creek, near Hackleburg, bears signs of the storm still, the ecosystem also possesses many compelling examples of “micro” life—including Frullania, a kind of liverwort. Davenport describes the quest to find this plant life, and in the process he offers a celebration of all things small.
Reading the Southern Past
Populists and Progressives, Democrats and Republicans
This quarter, Stephen Goldfarb reviews books that look at the South’s changing political landscape. He considers The Irony of the Solid South: Democrats, Republicans, and Race, 1865–1944 (University of Alabama Press, 2013) by Glenn Feldman and Populism to Progressivism in Alabama (first published in 1969 by Princeton University Press and now available as part of the The Library of Alabama Classics published by University of Alabama Press) by Sheldon Hackney. Taken together, these texts offer a historical approach to several different periods of political change throughout Alabama.