Issue 112, Spring 2014

Issue 112, Spring 2014

On the cover: The Croix Rouge Farm Memorial in France. [Photo by Yannick Marques]


Features

“Send Me All the Alabamians You Can Get”: The 167th Infantry at Croix Rouge Farm

By Nimrod T. Frazer

During World War One, the Germans planned a major offensive designed to end the conflict definitively. However, they neglected to consider adequately the arrival of American troops, who changed the outcome of the war. Among those troops were the men of the Rainbow Division and its 167th (Alabama) Infantry. Although the Alabamians fought in different locations throughout the war, one particular battle, the Battle of Croix Rouge Farm, stands out in their history. Nimrod T. Frazer, author of Send the Alabamians: World War One Fighters in the Rainbow Division (University of Alabama Press, 2014), recounts this crucial battle and the stories of the heroic Alabamians who fought in it. 


Birmingham’s Max Heldman

By Mary Virginia Pounds Brown and Linda McNair Cohen

Although he was not a native of Alabama, Max Heldman arrived in Birmingham as a young child, and the city received a great deal of attention in his visual art. Heldman’s oeuvre, in fact, proceeds as a visual love letter of sorts, documenting both significant events and everyday life in the city he called home. Virginia Pounds Brown—who collaborated with Heldman to produce a collection of his work—and Linda McNair Cohen recount Heldman’s life and explore some of his most significant Birmingham images.


Camels in Cahawba

By Linda Derry

Historic Cahawba remains most known for its archaeological riches and its role as one of Alabama’s capital cities. However, its history also reflects a curious intersection of exotic animals and the slave trade. Thanks to emerging research, this article uncovers the brief but provocative history of camels in Cahawba, noting the somewhat dubious circumstances of their import and the colorful characters that accompanied their arrival.


The Last Bombing: The Story of Nina Miglionico

By Samuel A. Rumore Jr.

The city of Birmingham experienced many bombs and other violent events during the civil rights movement, even earning the unsavory nickname “Bombingham” for its tumultuous state. One of the lesser-known bombings occurred at the home of city councilwoman Nina Miglionico, whose outspoken nature had garnered attention. Miglionico’s father disarmed the bomb before it exploded, but the event helped bring additional attention to the city and its pockets of violent resistance to civil rights activism.


Departments

Southern Architecture and Preservation

Main Street Alabama

By Mary M. Helmer

Although preservation of historic structures remains a crucial need throughout the state, often willing individuals and communities struggle to find adequate resources to protect historic properties. This quarter’s Southern Architecture & Preservation column offers information about an important organization designed to help communities consider the economic aspects of preservation. The Main Street Alabama Program offers towns throughout the state the opportunity and resources needed to help protect their heritage, ensuring the survival of significant landmarks across Alabama.


Becoming Alabama

Quarter by Quarter

By Joseph W. Pearson, Megan L. Bever, and Matthew Downs

This quarter’s installment of Becoming Alabama opens with the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, in which Andrew Jackson secured victory over the Red Stick Creeks. Then it turns to the Civil War era, exploring the role of African American troops fighting for the Union and illuminating the tensions surrounding their presence. Finally, it considers the fight for school desegregation throughout the southeast, noting how the court cases decided in Prince Edward County, Virginia, affected desegregation efforts in Alabama.

Editor’s Note: Alabama Heritage, the Summersell Center for Study of the South, the University of Alabama Department of History, and the Alabama Tourism Department offer this department as a part of the statewide “Becoming Alabama” initiative—a cooperative venture of state organizations to commemorate Alabama’s experiences related to the Creek War, the Civil War, and the civil rights movement. Quarter by quarter we will take you to the corresponding seasons 200, 150, and 50 years ago—sometimes describing the most pivotal events, sometimes describing daily life, but always illuminating a world in flux. We will wait for the ultimate outcomes as our forbears did—over time.


Alabama Women

“The WAC is a Soldier Too”: Alabama and the Women’s Army Corps

By Stephanie Chaifoux

During the 1940s efforts to establish a female wing of the American Army led to the creation of the Women’s Army Corps (WAC), a group dedicated to the same ideals as the Army and founded on the same principles of discipline and patriotism. In conjunction with this, a WAC post was formed at Fort McClellan, near Anniston, Alabama, allowing WACs housing, training, and a space in which to pursue their profession surrounded by other women similarly serving their country. Stephanie Chalifoux researches the history of the WACs and the Fort McClellan post, offering an insightful look at an often-overlooked community.


Revealing Hidden Collections

Genealogical Resources Available at the University of Alabama

By Mary Bess Kirksey Paluzzi

Thanks to a recent proliferation of interest in ancestry and origins, many lesser-known holdings of universities and libraries are being recognized for their genealogical content. In this installment of “Revealing Hidden Collections,” Mary Bess Paluzzi, Associate Dean for Special Collections, alerts readers to the wide range of resources offered by libraries at the University of Alabama. Readers interested in researching their own family history will welcome the various tools available through library systems.


Portraits & Landscapes

Tung Trees in Alabama

By Whitney Adrienne Snow

Although no longer prevalent thanks to hurricanes and other weather events, tung trees once constituted a significant portion of Alabama’s agricultural landscape. Prized for the valuable oil derived from their seeds, tung trees were originally imported from China and flourished most notably in Alabama under the attention of C.R. Baldwin and his wife, Gae. After C.R.’s death, Gae continued raising the crops, pursuing her husband’s legacy, and making quite a name for herself in the growing, but ultimately short-lived, industry.


Recollections

Hillwood: Life in a Sawmill Camp

By Cassandra Mahaffey Nelson
Based on John Davidson’s Memoirs

Between 1931 and 1947, the small community of Hillwood, Alabama, a town linked to the Ralph Lumber Company and its sawmill, developed to support the members of the sawmill population. Although the effects of the Great Depression pervaded, residents felt a deep sense of community and connection, remembering a pleasant way of life.


Reading the Southern Past

The Scourge of War

By Stephen Goldfarb

This quarter’s book review column considers two new approaches to the Civil War: Ruin Nation: Destruction and the American Civil War by Megan Kate Nelson and War Upon the Land: Military Strategy and the Transformation of Southern Landscape during the American Civil War by Lisa M. Brady (both published in 2012 by the University Press of Georgia). Nelson’s book focuses on various kinds of “ruination” enacted by the war, while Brady evaluates the environmental cost of the conflict.   

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